Pharmacology and the Nursing Process by Linda Lane Lilley: Practice Exam

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How can the effects of heparin be reversed?

  1. Oral administration of vitamin C

  2. IV administration of protamine sulfate

  3. Increased water intake

  4. Exposure to sunlight

The correct answer is: IV administration of protamine sulfate

The correct answer is B. Heparin is a blood thinner used in treating and preventing blood clots. One of the major side effects of heparin is increased bleeding risk. When an excessive dose is administered or there is a need to stop the effects of heparin quickly, protamine sulfate can be given intravenously to reverse its effects. Oral administration of vitamin C, increased water intake, and exposure to sunlight do not have an effect on reversing the effects of heparin. In fact, exposure to sunlight may have negative consequences, as it may increase the risk of bleeding due to the photochemical reaction of heparin. IV administration of protamine sulfate is the only proven and effective method for reversing the effects of heparin.